What function does a transformer serve in an electrical system?

In an electrical system, the primary function of a transformer is to modify voltage levels. Transformers are designed to either step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage. This is essential for efficient power transmission and distribution. For instance, high voltage is used for long-distance transmission of electricity to minimize energy loss, while lower voltages are used for consumer applications.

The ability to change voltage levels helps protect equipment and ensure that electrical appliances receive the appropriate voltage needed for operation. This function is critical because it allows for the safe and efficient use of electricity across different segments of an electrical network, contributing to the overall stability and reliability of the system.

Although transformers can provide some level of circuit isolation, that is not their primary function. Additionally, they do not create electrical faults nor do they charge batteries. Their main and most important role is in voltage modification.